Putting It All Together

From individual words to flowing stories

Ready for your first story!

This final page brings everything together. You'll learn the connecting words that string sentences together, common story expressions, and the most essential words that appear in almost every Italian story.

After this page, you'll have all the tools to confidently read your first Italian story. Remember: you don't need to understand every word - focus on the main plot and enjoy the adventure!

Chapter 13

Connecting Words

The glue between sentences

These small words make the difference between isolated sentences and a flowing story. They show relationships between events and ideas.

Basic connecting words

e โ†’ and
Marco e Anna - Marco and Anna
ma โ†’ but
Piccolo ma forte - Small but strong
o/oppure โ†’ or
Tรจ o caffรจ? - Tea or coffee?
perchรฉ โ†’ because/why
Perchรฉ รจ tardi - Because it's late
quando โ†’ when
Quando ero giovane - When I was young
mentre โ†’ while
Mentre mangiavo - While I was eating
se โ†’ if
Se piove - If it rains
come โ†’ like/how
Come te - Like you
dove โ†’ where
Dove abiti? - Where do you live?
che โ†’ that/which
So che รจ vero - I know that it's true

Indicating sequence & time

prima โ†’ first/before
Prima di mangiare - Before eating
poi โ†’ then/after
Prima mangio, poi esco - First I eat, then I go out
dopo โ†’ after/later
Dopo il pranzo - After lunch
infine โ†’ finally
Infine, arriviamo - Finally, we arrive
intanto โ†’ meanwhile
Intanto piove - Meanwhile it rains
nel frattempo โ†’ in the meantime
Nel frattempo, aspetto - In the meantime, I wait
subito โ†’ immediately
Vengo subito - I'm coming immediately
improvvisamente โ†’ suddenly
Improvvisamente, un rumore - Suddenly, a noise
all'improvviso โ†’ all of a sudden
All'improvviso capisco - All of a sudden I understand

Contrast & nuance

perรฒ โ†’ but/however
รˆ caro, perรฒ รจ buono - It's expensive, but it's good
tuttavia โ†’ nevertheless
Tuttavia, continuo - Nevertheless, I continue
invece โ†’ instead/on the contrary
Lui invece no - He, on the other hand, doesn't
anche se โ†’ even if/although
Anche se piove - Even if it rains
nonostante โ†’ despite
Nonostante tutto - Despite everything
malgrado โ†’ despite
Malgrado il tempo - Despite the weather
eppure โ†’ and yet
Eppure รจ vero - And yet it's true
anzi โ†’ on the contrary/rather
Anzi, mi piace - On the contrary, I like it

Reason & consequence

quindi โ†’ so/therefore
Quindi partiamo - So we leave
allora โ†’ then/so
Allora, cosa facciamo? - So, what do we do?
perciรฒ โ†’ therefore
Perciรฒ sono qui - Therefore I'm here
dunque โ†’ so/well then
Dunque, ascolta - Well then, listen
siccome โ†’ since/as
Siccome piove, resto - Since it's raining, I'll stay
dato che โ†’ given that
Dato che sei qui - Given that you're here
visto che โ†’ seeing that
Visto che insisti - Seeing that you insist
poichรฉ โ†’ since/because
Poichรฉ รจ tardi - Since it's late

Adding & listing

anche โ†’ also/too
Anche io - Me too
pure โ†’ also
Vieni pure tu - You come too
inoltre โ†’ furthermore
Inoltre, รจ caro - Furthermore, it's expensive
oltre a โ†’ besides/in addition to
Oltre a questo - Besides this
neanche/nemmeno โ†’ not even/neither
Neanche io - Me neither
nรฉ...nรฉ โ†’ neither...nor
Nรฉ questo nรฉ quello - Neither this nor that
sia...sia โ†’ both...and
Sia Marco sia Anna - Both Marco and Anna
Chapter 14

Story Expressions

Typical phrases in stories

You'll encounter these expressions constantly in Italian stories. They help set the mood and describe events.

Starting the story

C'era una volta โ†’ Once upon a time (Classic fairy tale beginning)
Un giorno โ†’ One day (General story beginning)
Tanto tempo fa โ†’ A long time ago (Distant past)
Una mattina โ†’ One morning (Specific time)
Era una bella giornata โ†’ It was a beautiful day (Setting the mood)
In un piccolo paese โ†’ In a small town (Place indication)
Questa รจ la storia di โ†’ This is the story of (Introduction)

Emotions & reactions

essere felice โ†’ to be happy
Era molto felice - He was very happy
essere triste โ†’ to be sad
Diventa triste - He becomes sad
avere paura โ†’ to be afraid
Ho paura del buio - I'm afraid of the dark
arrabbiarsi โ†’ to get angry
Si arrabbia sempre - He always gets angry
sorridere โ†’ to smile
Sorride felice - He smiles happily
piangere โ†’ to cry
Piange di gioia - He cries with joy
ridere โ†’ to laugh
Ridono insieme - They laugh together
preoccuparsi โ†’ to worry
Si preoccupa per tutto - He worries about everything
stupirsi โ†’ to be surprised
Si stupisce - He is surprised
spaventarsi โ†’ to get scared
Si spaventa facilmente - He gets scared easily

Weather & atmosphere

Fa bel tempo โ†’ The weather is nice
Fa brutto tempo โ†’ The weather is bad
Piove โ†’ It's raining
Nevica โ†’ It's snowing
C'รจ il sole โ†’ The sun is shining
C'รจ nebbia โ†’ It's foggy
Tira vento โ†’ It's windy
รˆ nuvoloso โ†’ It's cloudy
Fa freddo โ†’ It's cold
Fa caldo โ†’ It's hot
รˆ una giornata afosa โ†’ It's a muggy day
Il cielo รจ sereno โ†’ The sky is clear

Movement & action

andare via โ†’ to go away
Va via di casa - He leaves home
tornare indietro โ†’ to go back
Torna indietro - He goes back
avvicinarsi โ†’ to approach
Si avvicina piano - He approaches slowly
allontanarsi โ†’ to move away
Si allontana - He moves away
fermarsi โ†’ to stop
Si ferma subito - He stops immediately
correre via โ†’ to run away
Corre via veloce - He runs away quickly
saltare โ†’ to jump
Salta di gioia - He jumps for joy
cadere โ†’ to fall
Cade per terra - He falls to the ground
alzarsi โ†’ to get up
Si alza presto - He gets up early
sedersi โ†’ to sit down
Si siede sulla sedia - He sits down on the chair

Story transitions

Nel frattempo โ†’ Meanwhile (Parallel event)
Il giorno dopo โ†’ The next day (Time transition)
Quella sera โ†’ That evening (Specific moment)
Poco dopo โ†’ Shortly after (Quick succession)
Molti anni dopo โ†’ Many years later (Big time jump)
In quel momento โ†’ At that moment (Precise timing)
Proprio allora โ†’ Just then (Crucial moment)
D'un tratto โ†’ Suddenly (Unexpected event)
Alla fine โ†’ In the end (Conclusion)
E cosรฌ โ†’ And so (Result/closure)
Chapter 15

Your First Story Toolkit

The 100 most essential words

These words form the backbone of every Italian story. If you know these, you'll understand the main thread of most simple texts.

Top 50 most frequent words

These 50 words make up about 50% of every Italian text:

Rang Woorden
1-10 il/la, di, e, a, un/una, essere, che, in, avere, da
11-20 per, con, non, su, come, ma, piรน, questo, del, si
21-30 tutto, fare, suo, anche, quando, molto, quale, dove, chi, altro
31-40 dire, uno, nostro, dal, vedere, cosรฌ, se, giร , due, ora
41-50 stato, solo, ancora, dopo, cosa, sempre, poi, prima, grande, stesso

Essential story words

Categorie Belangrijke woorden
People uomo, donna, ragazzo, ragazza, bambino, persona, gente, amico, famiglia, nome
Places casa, strada, cittร , paese, mondo, posto, terra, mare, montagna, giardino
Time tempo, giorno, anno, ora, mattina, sera, notte, momento, volta, vita
Actions andare, venire, potere, volere, dovere, sapere, pensare, credere, sentire, parlare
Things cosa, mano, occhio, parte, acqua, porta, voce, parola, libro, storia
Qualities buono, nuovo, primo, ultimo, piccolo, vecchio, giovane, bello, vero, certo

False friends - WATCH OUT!

These words look like English but mean something different:

camera โ‰ˆ camera
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
room
โœ— NIET
photo camera (= macchina fotografica)
parenti โ‰ˆ parents
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
relatives
โœ— NIET
parents (= genitori)
fabbrica โ‰ˆ fabric
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
factory
โœ— NIET
fabric (= tessuto)
bravo โ‰ˆ brave
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
good/skilled
โœ— NIET
brave (= coraggioso)
caldo โ‰ˆ cold
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
hot
โœ— NIET
cold (= freddo)
burro โ‰ˆ burro
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
butter
โœ— NIET
donkey (= asino)
morbido โ‰ˆ morbid
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
soft
โœ— NIET
morbid
eventualmente โ‰ˆ eventually
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
possibly/if necessary
โœ— NIET
eventually (= alla fine)
solo โ‰ˆ solo
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
only/alone
โœ— NIET
solo music
largo โ‰ˆ large
โœ“ Betekent eigenlijk
wide
โœ— NIET
large (= grande)

Quick reference for reading

  • โ€ข Focus on verbs: They tell what happens
  • โ€ข Watch for signal words: ma, perรฒ, allora indicate important turns
  • โ€ข Recognize time indicators: dopo, prima, mentre help understand the sequence
  • โ€ข Skip unknown adjectives: They're often not crucial to the story
  • โ€ข Use context: Guess meanings from the situation
  • โ€ข Look for cognates: Words that look like English
  • โ€ข Notice repetition: Important words come back often
  • โ€ข Keep reading: Don't stop at every unknown word

Practice story - Test yourself!

Try to understand this short story with everything you've learned:

Het Verhaal:

C'era una volta un ragazzo che si chiamava Marco.

โ†’ Once upon a time there was a boy named Marco.

Marco abitava in una piccola casa vicino al mare.

โ†’ Marco lived in a small house near the sea.

Ogni mattina, andava sulla spiaggia per vedere il sole.

โ†’ Every morning, he went to the beach to see the sun.

Un giorno, mentre camminava, ha trovato qualcosa nella sabbia.

โ†’ One day, while walking, he found something in the sand.

Era una bottiglia con un messaggio dentro!

โ†’ It was a bottle with a message inside!

Marco era molto curioso.

โ†’ Marco was very curious.

Ha aperto la bottiglia e ha letto:

โ†’ He opened the bottle and read:

"Chi trova questo messaggio, troverร  anche un tesoro."

โ†’ "Whoever finds this message will also find a treasure."

"Cerca sotto la grande pietra vicino al vecchio albero."

โ†’ "Look under the big stone near the old tree."

Marco conosceva quel posto!

โ†’ Marco knew that place!

Era nel giardino di sua nonna.

โ†’ It was in his grandmother's garden.

Corse subito da lei.

โ†’ He ran to her immediately.

La nonna sorrise e disse:

โ†’ Grandma smiled and said:

"Ah, finalmente! Ho messo io quel messaggio tanti anni fa, quando ero giovane."

โ†’ "Ah, finally! I put that message there many years ago, when I was young."

Insieme, hanno scavato sotto la pietra.

โ†’ Together, they dug under the stone.

E cosa hanno trovato?

โ†’ And what did they find?

Una scatola piena di foto della famiglia!

โ†’ A box full of family photos!

Il vero tesoro non era oro, ma i ricordi preziosi della loro famiglia.

โ†’ The real treasure wasn't gold, but the precious memories of their family.

Marco era felice.

โ†’ Marco was happy.

Hulp vocabulaire:

spiaggia = beach
sabbia = sand
bottiglia = bottle
messaggio = message
tesoro = treasure
pietra = stone
albero = tree
scavare = to dig
scatola = box
oro = gold
ricordi = memories

๐ŸŽ‰ Congratulations! ๐ŸŽ‰

You've completed all 15 chapters! You're now ready to read your first Italian story.

Remember: it's not about perfection, but about enjoyment and understanding. Buona lettura!